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--- exercises:2017_uzh_cmest:login [2017/09/20 09:10] – tmueller
+++ exercises:2017_uzh_cmest:login [2020/08/21 10:15] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 ==== Required software ====
-As mentioned in the lecture, you absolutely need
+As mentioned in the lecture, you absolutely need a //terminal emulator//:
-  * a X11-Server:
+  * on Linux: this can be one of programs Konsole, Gnome Terminal, Terminal, XTerm, ...
-    * on Linux: it is enough to be logged-in in a graphical environment (Unity, Gnome, KDE, ...)
+  * on Mac OS X/OSX/macOS Sierra: use the pre-installed Terminal application, [[https://www.iterm2.com/|iTerm2]] or the X-Windows terminal from XQuartz (see instructions below)
-    * on Mac OS X/OSX/macOS Sierra: you need [[https://www.xquartz.org/|XQuartz]]
+  * on Windows: use [[http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html|Putty]]
-    * on Microsoft Windows: you need [[http://sourceforge.net/projects/xming/files/latest/download|XMing]]
-  * a terminal emulator:
-    * on Linux: this can be one of Konsole, Gnome Terminal, Terminal, XTerm, ...
-    * on Mac OS X/OSX/macOS Sierra: use the X-Windows terminal from XQuartz
-    * on Windows: use [[http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html|Putty]]
 optionally you may want:
+  * a X11-Server, to be able to start graphical applications on the server and have the output on your computer:
+    * on Linux: it is enough to be logged-in in a graphical environment (Unity, Gnome, KDE, ...)
+    * on Mac OS X/OSX/macOS Sierra: you need to install [[https://www.xquartz.org/|XQuartz]]
+    * on Microsoft Windows: you need to install [[http://sourceforge.net/projects/xming/files/latest/download|XMing]]
   * a file transfer tool to copy files from/to the server:
     * on Linux: put ''%%sftp://tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch%%'' as the address in your file browser and you should be able to browse your home directory after logging in
@@ Line 30: / Line 29: @@
   * Connect to Internet (use VPN when not on the UZH network)
   * Open a terminal (Konsole, xterm or similar)
-  * Connect to the server: ''ssh -X studentXX@tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch''
+  * Connect to the server by entering the command: ''ssh -X studentXX@tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch''
@@ Line 36: / Line 35: @@
   * Connect to Internet (use VPN when not on the UZH network)
-  * Open a X-Windows terminal in the X11 application
+  * Open a X-Windows terminal in the X11 application if you want to run graphical applications on the server, otherwise use the pre-installed //Terminal// application or an alternative like //iTerm2//
-  * Connect to the server: ''ssh -X studentXX@tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch''
+  * Connect to the server by entering the command: ''ssh -X studentXX@tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch''
 ==== Login using Windows ====
@@ Line 43: / Line 42: @@
 First configure Putty (only required on the first run) as follows:
-  - Add Unix hostname: ''tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch''
+  - Start the application PuTTY from the Windows menu (in the folder PuTTY)
-  - Switch Protocol to ''SSH''
+  - Fill in the //Host Name//: ''tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch''
-  - Type ''tcopt3'' as the name of the session in the saved sessions and save the settings
+  - Set //Connection type// to ''SSH''
-  - Expand the ''SSH'' tab from the ''Category'' list
+  - Type ''tcopt3'' as the name of the session below Saved Sessions and save the settings a first time
-  - Choose ''X11'' from ''SSH'' list
+  - In the Category tree on the left side, select //Connection > Data// and enter the username you have been given in the lecture in the field //Auto-login username//
-  - Check ''Enable X11 Forwarding''
+  - Select the tab ''Connection > SSH > X11'' from the ''Category'' list and enable the option ''Enable X11 Forwarding''
-  - Choose ''Session'' from ''Category'' list and click ''Save'' again
+  - Go to //Session// again and
+  - Choose ''Session'' from the ''Category'' list and click ''Save'' again
-Then proceed as follows:
+Then continue as follows to login:
   * Connect to Internet (use VPN when not on the UZH network)
-  * Start Xming
+  * Start Xming (optional, only required if you want to run graphical applications on the server)
   * Start Putty
   * Double click the session ''tcopt3'' to start the connection
-  * Enter username and password as requested
+  * Enter (username and) password as requested
 ==== First steps ====
@@ Line 197: / Line 197: @@
 after that you can add and remove modules to be loaded at startup using ''module initadd'' or ''module initrm''.
-To add ''vmd'' and ''cp2k'', run for example:
+To add ''cp2k'', run for example:
 <code>
-$ module initadd vmd
 $ module initadd cp2k/r18057_2017_09_18
 </code>
-to remove ''vmd'' again from the list of modules to load:
+to remove ''cp2k'' again from the list of modules to load:
 <code>
-$ module initrm vmd
+$ module initrm cp2k
 </code>
@@ Line 214: / Line 213: @@
 ==== Setup key-based authentication ====
-To avoid having to type the password every time you log in (and to increase the security), keys can be used for authentication instead. The following instructions are **for OSX and Linux**.
+To avoid having to type the password every time you log in (and to increase the security), a public-private key pair can be used for authentication instead.
-First generate a key-pair **on your local machine** using
+=== Instructions for macOS and Linux ===
+First generate a key-pair **on your local machine** by running the following in a terminal/shell:
 <code>
@@ Line 222: / Line 223: @@
 </code>
-and accept the defaults proposed and do not set a password.
+and accept the defaults proposed and do no set a password.
 Upload the public key **from your local machine** to tcopt3:
@@ Line 230: / Line 231: @@
 </code>
-Now login to ''tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch'' and move the uploaded public key to the right place:
+Now login to ''tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch'' and move the uploaded public key to the right place and set the access permissions correct:
 <code>
@@ Line 243: / Line 244: @@
 $ ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa studentXX@tcopt3.chem.uzh.ch
 </code>
+=== Instructions for Windows using PuTTY ===
+First login to the server as above and leave the terminal window open.
+Then generate a key-pair **on your local machine** as follows:
+  - Start the application //PuTTYgen// which was installed alongside //PuTTY// itself
+  - Click on //Generate// to generate a new key (move the mouse to generate randomness, as instructed)
+  - Do not set a //Key passphrase//
+  - Click on //Save private key// and store the private key as ''condensed_matter.ppk''
+  - On the server (in the //PuTTY// terminal window), run the following commands:
+    <code>
+    $ mkdir -p .ssh
+    $ chmod 0700 .ssh
+    $ nano -w .ssh/authorized_keys
+    </code>
+  - Now copy & paste the content in the field //Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file// from //PuTTYgen// into the terminal. Pasting in //PuTTY// is done by a right mouse click.
+  - Exit //nano// by using ''CTRL+X'', press ''Y'' to save the file and confirm the name by pressing ''ENTER''
+  - Enter ''exit'' to close the connection
+  - Close the //PuTTYgen// application
+Reconfigure //PuTTY// to use the generate key:
+  - Restart //PuTTY//
+  - Select the //Session// ''tcopt3'' and press //Load//
+  - Select //Connection > SSH > Auth//
+  - Use the //Browse...// button in //Authentication parameters// to selected the ''condensed_matter.ppk'' you generated earlier
+  - Go back to //Session// and click //Save//, then //Open// to login
+  - Now //PuTTY// should directly login (given that you have saved the username as well as described above) without asking for a password
 ==== Simplify the login ====